UDC

612.821.1+159.9.072.533

Authors

Nekhoroshkova Aleksandra Nikolaevna, Institute of Medical and Biological Research, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia) 

Abstract

This article presents an analysis of scientific literature on the possibilities of using human sensorimotor reaction data in psychophysiological research. Further, the views of Russian and foreign researchers on the classification of sensorimotor reactions are analyzed. Studying sensorimotor activity is at present one of the most promising areas of research on human physiological parameters. Sensorimotor activity is provided by a complex functional system that includes a great number of components varying in content and importance. The key condition for the fully functioning sensory systems is the coordination of sensory and motor components of a movement. The main functional units of sensorimotor activity and mental processes underlying the performance of sensorimotor tests are organized by the work of neurons of different brain areas. Sensorimotor reaction components are closely linked to the higher mental functions; thus, sensorimotor tests can be used to assess the functional state of the central nervous system. In addition, the paper describes the general methodology for measuring the parameters of sensorimotor activity. Important conditions of this method are the aim to respond as quickly as possible, a sufficient number of control samples, as well as the random order of appearance of stimuli signals to lessen habituation. We show how the sensorimotor reaction depends on modality of the stimulus, probabilistic forecast of the situation of stimulus occurrence and on the individual characteristics of the nervous system. Reaction time significantly changes with age and shows the degree of morphofunctional maturity of the child’s central nervous system. The method of measuring sensorimotor reactions is highly significant for the psychophysiological research on both cognitive and emotional spheres of humans.

Keywords

sensomotor activity, sensomotor reaction components, reaction time.

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