UDC

[612.1/.2-057.36:613.13](98)

Authors

Gudkov Andrey Borisovich, Northern State Medical University; Institute of Medical and Biological Research, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia) 

Abstract

It is generally known that the Arctic is an object of geostrategic interests of many countries. The unique natural resources and geographical location of the Russian Arctic zone are playing a key role in the national economy and in securing the country’s defence capacity, which necessitates the presence of armed forces and facilities in this region. The study aimed to identify peculiarities of the cardiorespiratory system’s functional reserves in military men positioned in the Arctic area during the periods of polar night and polar day. In November–December (polar night) and July–August (polar day) we examined the same 20 military men aged 28.9+5.0 years in the northernmost part of Russia (Alexandra Land in Frantz Josef Land: 20°04′N, 47°05′E). The men were subjected to spirometry, thermometry, and functional breath-holding tests; some estimate indicators were calculated. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software. It was established that during the polar night period the cardiorespiratory system’s reserves are reduced. Thus, the results of the timed expiratory capacity test were found unsatisfactory and proved statistically significantly lower than those during the polar day period (р = 0.004). The analysis of Bogomazov’s index showed a satisfactory state of the cardiorespiratory system’s reserve capacity during the polar night period only in 30 % (95 % CI: 9.9–50.1) of the military men, a borderline state in 65 % (95% CI: 44.1–85.9) and unsatisfactory state in 5 % (95 % CI: 4.5–14.5). During the polar day, the cardiorespiratory system’s reserves of the military men were satisfactory in 45 % (95 % CI: 23.1–66.8), a borderline state in 45 % (95 % CI: 23.1–66.8) and unsatisfactory in 10 % (95 % CI: 3.1–23.1). Having assessed Hildebrandt coefficient (ratio of heart rate to respiratory rate), we found that compensatory-adaptive reactions of the cardiorespiratory system were intensified. The axillary and sublingual temperatures in the military men during the polar night period were significantly higher than those during the polar day (р = 0.01 and 0.03 respectively).

Keywords

Arctic, military men, polar day, polar night, cardiorespiratory system’s reserves.

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