UDC

[612.43+612.018](98)(045)

DOI

10.17238/issn2542-1298.2019.7.2.140

Authors

Irina N. Gorenko*, Elena V. Tipisova*, Viktoriya A. Popkova*, Aleksandra E. Elfimova*
*N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation)
Corresponding author: Irina Gorenko, address: prosp. Lomonosova 249, 163000, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation; e-mail: pushistiy-86@mail.ru

Abstract

Time and efficiency of cold adaptation depend on the function of the thyroid gland and of the sympathoadrenal system. In order to evaluate the impact of chronic cold exposure on thyroid activity and the levels of dopamine in the human blood, we conducted a comparative population-based study involving residents of the European (n = 355) and Asian (n = 192) North of Russia. We determined the serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and total and free fractions of iodothyronines, as well as plasma levels of dopamine and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). To assess the thyroid function and the effect of hormones on the tissues, the integral thyroid index ((FT₃+FT₄)/TSH) and the index of peripheral conversion (FT₃/FT₄) were calculated. The proportion of people with high dopamine values in the blood was greater among residents of the Asian North (25 % against 11 %; p = 0.001), experiencing more extreme climatic and geographical conditions of the Arctic. At the same time, maximum dopamine levels were more common in the male populations of the analysed areas than in the female ones. The percentage of people with undetectable dopamine values, on the contrary, was larger among residents of the European North (30 % against 10 %; p < 0.001). The inhabitants of the Asian North, both men and women, had higher thyroid activity as indicated by higher levels of thyroxin, while lower levels of free thyroxin and elevated free triiodothyronine level may indicate increased peripheral conversion of iodothyronines, which correlates with the need to adapt to more extreme environmental factors. At the same time, there were no significant differences in the values of cAMP or FT₃/FT₄ and (FT₃+FT₄)/TSH ratios between the European and Asian North groups. Reference levels of dopamine in the European North residents had higher correlation with the parameters of the pituitary-thyroid system. When it comes to the Asian North, a weak stimulating effect of dopamine on the thyroid gland activity was revealed only in the female population, whose dopamine levels were close to the reference values.

Keywords

dopamine, thyroid hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone, cAMP, FT3/FT4 ratio, (FT3+FT4)/ TSH ratio, Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

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