UDC

[612.24+612.215+612.59]:613.84

DOI

10.17238/issn2542-1298.2019.7.3.310

Authors

Il’ya A. Buslovich*, Nikolay S. Ishekov*, Andrey G. Solov’ev**
*Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation)
**Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation)
Corresponding author: Il’ya Buslovich, address: nab. Severnoy Dviny 17, Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russian Federation; e-mail: ily396@yandex.ru

Abstract

Spirometry is a highly informative and easy-to-use method for assessing the respiratory system allowing us to determine the nature and level of pathological changes in the bronchial tree. Spirometric parameters can be affected by the use of various types of psychoactive substances via inhalation, such as cigarettes and volatile solvents. Recently, there has been an increase in the consumption of so-called smoking blends, also called Spice blends, among adolescents. This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking blends on spirometric parameters in 295 adolescents living in the city of Arkhangelsk. The subjects were divided into three groups: 1) non-users of any psychoactive substances (n = 103); 2) tobacco smokers (n = 100); 3) tobacco and Spice smokers (n = 92). The following parameters were determined and compared: vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁), FEV₁/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow at 25 % (FEF₂₅), 50 % (FEF50) and 75 % (FEF₇₅) intervals, as well as forced expiratory flow between 25 % and 75 % of FVC (FEF_25–75). Tests of adaptation to hypoxia were performed. A significant deterioration of a number of respiratory parameters was found in both groups of smokers. Reduced values of FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC ratio, FEF₅₀ and FEF_25–75 in the group of tobacco and Spice smokers compared with the other groups may indicate a development of early obstructive disorders in the middle part of the bronchial tree and a decrease in the elasticity of the respiratory tract. Moreover, this group demonstrated declining values of a number of respiratory parameters below the physiological norm. In addition, we revealed lower adaptability to hypoxia in adolescents using psychoactive substances via inhalation. The results can be used for rehabilitation of adolescent Spice consumers.

Keywords

external respiration, spirometry, adolescents, smoking blends, Spice

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