UDC

[612.1+612.08]:001.8

DOI

10.17238/issn2542-1298.2020.8.1.79

Authors

Mariya A. Kovaleva* ORCID: 0000-0003-3353-1919
Konstantin V. Zhmerenetskiy* ORCID: 0000-0002-6790-3146
*Far-East State Medical University (Khabarovsk, Russian Federation)
Corresponding author: Mariya Kovaleva, address: ul. Murav’eva-Amurskogo 35, Khabarovsk, 680007, Russian Federation; e-mail: conte-de-foret@yandex.ru

Abstract

This article dwells on direct methods of intravital examination of microcirculation and microvasculature in humans and evaluation of the data obtained. The authors draw the reader’s attention to the studies on the smallest functional unit of the cardiovascular system – microcirculation – which determines the ultimate goal of the functioning of the cardiovascular system and plays a key role in the trophic support of tissues and maintenance of tissue metabolism. In many diseases, disorders of individual parts of microcirculation constitute a leading pathogenetic link; therefore, studying microcirculation is of great clinical importance. Progress in microvasculature and microcirculation research due to scientific and technological achievements allows us today to examine microcirculation in vivo both experimentally and under clinical observation using direct and indirect methods. This review presents contemporary approaches of Russian and foreign researchers to the study and assessment of microcirculation by direct methods: nailfold capillaroscopy, conjunctival biomicroscopy, orthogonal polarization spectral imaging and its modification, sidestream dark field imaging. Each of these methods has its own advantages and limitations, scope of clinical application and a system for evaluating the data obtained. Special attention is paid here to conjunctival microscopy and its modern interpretation – computer-assisted video biomicroscopy of the bulbar conjunctiva – allowing us to visualize all the anatomical components of the microvasculature (arterioles, venules, capillaries, and arterio-venular anastomoses), evaluate vascular permeability, the interstitial space, and microhaemorheology by means of various original patented methods, thereby acquiring comprehensive data on the state of microvasculature and microcirculation.
For citation: Kovaleva M.A., Zhmerenetskiy K.V. Review of Direct Methods for Studying Microcirculation and Evaluating the Data Obtained. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2020, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 79–88. DOI: 10.17238/issn2542-1298.2020.8.1.79

Keywords

microcirculation, conjunctival microscopy, capillaroscopy, biomicroscopy

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