UDC

599.323.45:[612.59+591.111.1]

DOI

10.37482/2687-1491-Z274

Authors

Nikolay P. Mongalev* ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2817-5780
Nadezhda A. Vakhnina* ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-5171
Evgeny R. Boyko* ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-898X

*Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
(Syktyvkar, Russia)

Corresponding author: Nikolay Mongalev, address: ul. Pervomayskaya 50, GSP-2, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia; e-mail: mongalev@physiol.komisc.ru

Abstract

The circulatory system is one of the most reactive systems, responding to various internal and external environmental factors. The authors of this study hypothesized that graded swimming training could help to normalize the composition of red blood cells in animals and be used to trigger a compensatory and restorative mechanism that enhances physical performance. The purpose of the article was to investigate the effect of a moderate cold water environment on the nature of adaptive changes in red blood cells in male rats after sitting, free swimming and a graded swimming test to failure with a load of 4 % of their body weight. Materials and methods. The study involved sexually mature male Wistar rats, randomly divided into one control and three experimental (animals that sat in the water for 4 min a day during 8 weeks, those that swam once without a weight, and those that swam with a gradually increasing load from 0 to 4 % and a subsequent test to failure) groups. The morphofunctional state of red blood cells in rats was compared. Results. We found that in the blood of rats that sat in the cold water, an increase in haematocrit, haemoglobin and erythrocyte count was combined with haemoconcentration, in contrast to the animals that swam in the cold water. A significant reticulocyte response to cold exposure was observed in rats that swam without a weight. Conversely, animals that sat in the cold water or swam with a load showed no such response, which can be considered as a valuable indicator of the regulation of the morphofunctional state of the blood, ultimately aimed at long-term adaptation of the body. The significant negative correlation between reticulocyte and erythrocyte counts only in rats that swam in the cold water without a weight may indicate a hidden mechanism of regulation of the erythrocyte pool in the blood.

Keywords

adaptive changes in red blood cells, haematocrit, haemoconcentration, erythrocytes, reticulocytes, physical activity, cold environment, water immersion hypothermia

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