UDC

615.851.83(045)

DOI

https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-Z285

Authors

Natalia V. Arkhipova* ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1163-2172
Evgeniy V. Bykov** ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7506-8793
*Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases (Kemerovo, Russia)
**The Urals State University of Physical Culture (Chelyabinsk, Russia)
Corresponding author: Natalia Arkhipova, address: b-r im. Akad. L.S. Barbarasha, str. 6, Kemerovo, 650002, Russia; e-mail: arkhipova.natali@list.ru

Abstract

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a common complication of central nervous system damage in middle-aged and elderly patients following cardiac surgery. It significantly impacts the prognosis, treatment outcomes and quality of life. Cognitive training can improve cognitive reserve, thereby reducing postoperative delirium. In Russian cardiac surgery, there are established, evidence-based prehabilitation programmes aimed to overcome the consequences of surgical intervention, based on training techniques and an interdisciplinary approach. The authors studied new algorithms for improving the effectiveness and reliability of teaching breathing practices when preparing patients with ischaemic heart disease for coronary artery bypass surgery. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of teaching situational breathing strategies to patients after open-heart surgery. Materials and methods. A total of 73 patients (58 men and 15 women) with stable ischaemic heart disease who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery at Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases (Kemerovo, Russia) were examined. Their mean age was 64.4 ± 5.1 years. In preparation for surgery, the patients were randomized into two groups comparable in terms of key anamnestic and clinical-functional parameters: the main group (38 subjects), who was taught breathing pattern regulation techniques, and the control group (35 subjects), who did not receive such training. Results. It was found that preventive psychological care, including motor memory training in breathing pattern regulation, reduces the severity of postoperative cognitive impairments and increases patients’ compliance with postoperative recommendations, which determines the dynamics of respiratory complications.

For citation: Arkhipova N.V., Bykov E.V. Situational Breath Control of Patients in Cardiac Surgical Rehabilitation. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2026, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 67–76. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z285

Keywords

cardiac surgery, coronary artery bypass graft, prehabilitation, postoperative cognitive disorders, comorbidity, neuropsychological correction, accelerated recovery of higher mental functions

References

1. Zozulya M.V., Len’kin A.I., Sotnikov A.V., Kurapeev I.S., Sayganov S.A., Lebedinskii K.M. Intraoperative and Early Postoperative Respiratory Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing On-Pump or Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Anaesthesiol. Reanimatol., 2020, no. 4, pp. 54–60 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/anaesthesiology202004154

2. Razumnikova O.M., Tarasova I.V., Kukhareva I.N., Kupriyanova D.S., Sosina A.S., Trubnikova O.A. Importance of Emotional Intelligence in the Effectiveness of Multitasking Training in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Complex Issues Cardiovasc. Dis., 2024, vol., 13, no. 3, pp. 17–27 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2024-13-3-17-27

3. Baulina M.E., Varako N.A., Kovyazina M.S., Zinchenko Yu.P., Mikadze Yu.V., Skvortsov A.A., Fufaeva E.V. Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Rehabilitation of Patients with Memory Impairments in Amnestic Syndrome as a Result of Brain Damage of Various Etiologies. Natl. Psychol. J., 2020, no. 4, pp. 137–148. https://doi.org/10.11621/npj.2020.0411

4. Salzmann S., Salzmann-Djufri M., Wilhelm M., Euteneuer F. Psychological Preparation for Cardiac Surgery. Curr. Cardiol. Rep., 2020, vol. 22, no. 12. Art. no. 172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-020-01424-9

5. Barbarash O.L., Lebedeva N.B., Pomeshkina S.A., Arkhipova N.V. Method for Performing Respiratory Exercises After Cardiac Surgery. Patent RU2817090C1, 2023. 10 p. (in Russ.).

6. Bokeriya L.A., Aronov D.M., et al. Russian Clinical Guidelines. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease: Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention. Cardiosomatics, 2016, vol. 7, no. 3–4, pp. 5–71 (in Russ.).

7. Inozemtseva A.A., Argunova Yu.A., Pomeshkina S.A., Evtushenko V.V., Barbarash O.L. Efficiency and Safety of Early Physical Trainings During Rehabilitation of Patients After Coronary Bypass Grafting. Sib. Med. Rev., 2018, no. 6, pp. 33–42 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.20333/2500136-2018-6-33-42

8. Solodukhin A.V., Vidyaeva N.G., Pomeshkina E.E., Argunova U.A., Seryj A.V., Barbarash O.L. Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy for Coronary Artery Disease Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Sib. J. Psychol., 2020, no. 75, pp. 182–194 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17223/17267080/75/10

9. Zhang L., Qiu Y., Zhang Z.-F., Zhao Y.-F., Ding Y.-M. Current Perspectives on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Geriatric Patients: Insights from Clinical Practice. Front. Med. (Lausanne), 2024, vol. 11. Art. no. 1466681. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1466681

10. Chapman S.B., Aslan S., Spence J.S., Keebler M.W., DeFina L.F., Didehbani N., Perez A.M., Lu H., D’Esposito M. Distinct Brain and Behavioral Benefits from Cognitive vs. Physical Training: A Randomized Trial in Aging Adults. Front. Hum. Neurosci., 2016, vol. 10. Art. no. 338. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00338